Attenuation of Intra-Operative Pressure Response to Pneumoperitoneum in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy – A Comparative Study between Dexmedetomidine and Esmolol

Background: Dexmedetomidine is a selective α2-adrenergic receptor agonist which is known to produce sedation, analgesia, and also has sympatholytic, anaesthetic sparing and haemodynamic stabilising properties without significant respiratory depression.Its sympatholytic effect decreases mean arterial pressure and heart rate by reducing norepinephrine release and hence improves haemodynamic stability during laparoscopy Esmolol is an ultra-short-acting β1-adrenoceptor antagonist without any partial agonistic action or local anaesthetic action which is known to produce haemodynamic stability during laryngoscopy, intubation and pneumoperitoneum .In view of the above context., the present study was undertaken for comparison of dexmedetomidine and esmolol to determine their clinical efficacy in case of laparoscopic cholecystectomies. Materials and Methods: We conducted this study as an open label observer blind prospective randomized controlled study of 100 cases. Cases were divided into 2 groups of 50 each. A total of 100 adult patients were randomly selected who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. They were divided into groups and study was conducted. Results: In this study, we measured the results of each drug by its attenuation of pressure response and recovery profile. Conclusion: From our study we conclude that both dexmedetomeidine and esmolol promote satisfactory attenuation of pressure response and help in recovery profile of the patient but Esmolol is found to be superior.